The combined detection process of axial and radial defects of a round rod by eddy current nondestructive testing equipment can be described as follows:
1. Axial defect detection: The round rod rotates the probe, the workpiece axis moves forward, and the probe rotates to detect the workpiece axial defect. This detection method is mainly for longitudinal cracks or slow damage, and can detect surface and near-surface defects.
2. Magnetization: The workpiece is magnetized, which is a necessary step before the through-probe detection, especially for ferromagnetic materials. The magnetizer first magnetizes the workpiece to facilitate detection.
3. Radial defect detection: the workpiece passes through the through-type probe, which can detect pipes, rods, etc., and is a conductive specimen that can pass from the inside of the coil. Pass through probes detect surface and near-surface defects.
4. Demagnetization: The workpiece is demagnetized twice after detection. Demagnetization is the process of eliminating magnetism in a material, which can be achieved by a variety of methods, including pass method, attenuation method and direct current demagnetization, etc. [The purpose of demagnetization is to ensure that the workpiece does not have residual magnetism, which is very important for subsequent processing and use.
5. Distinguishing area placement: After two demagnetization, the workpiece enters the distinguishing area. This means that according to the inspection results, the workpiece will be placed in a classification, and the defective and non-defective parts will be treated separately.

The entire process combines the two main inspection methods of eddy current nondestructive testing equipment - rotating probe inspection and through probe inspection, as well as the necessary magnetization and demagnetization steps to ensure the quality and integrity of the round rod material. Through such joint inspection, the axial and radial defects in the round rod material can be identified effectively, and the safety and reliability of the material can be improved.